Security Testing Java Applications (SECT-JWA)

DAY 1

Cyber security basics

• What is security?
• Threat and risk
• Cyber security threat types
• Consequences of insecure software

The OWASP Top Ten

• OWASP Top 10 – 2017
• A1 – Injection
  • Injection principles
  • Injection attacks
  • SQL injection
    • SQL injection basics
    • Lab – SQL injection
    • Attack techniques
    • Content-based blind SQL injection
    • Time-based blind SQL injection
  • SQL injection best practices
    • Input validation
    • Parameterized queries
    • Additional considerations
    • Lab – Using prepared statements
    • Case study – Hacking Fortnite accounts
    • Testing for SQL injection
  • Code injection
    • OS command injection
      • OS command injection best practices
      • Using Runtime.exec()
      • Using ProcessBuilder
      • Case study – Shellshock
      • Lab – Shellshock
      • Case study – Command injection via ping
      • Testing for command injection
    • Script injection
  • General protection best practices
• A2 – Broken Authentication
  • Authentication basics
  • Multi-factor authentication
  • Authentication weaknesses – spoofing
  • Spoofing on the Web
  • Testing for weak authentication
  • Case study – PayPal 2FA bypass
  • Password management
    • Inbound password management
      • Storing account passwords
      • Password in transit
      • Lab – Is just hashing passwords enough?
      • Dictionary attacks and brute forcing
      • Salting
      • Adaptive hash functions for password storage
      • Password policy
        • NIST authenticator requirements for memorized secrets
      • Case study – The Ashley Madison data breach
        • The dictionary attack
        • The ultimate crack
        • Exploitation and the lessons learned
      • Password database migration
        • (Mis)handling null passwords
        • Testing for password management issues

DAY 2

Security testing

• Security testing vs functional testing
• Manual and automated methods
• Security testing methodology
  • Security testing – goals and methodologies
  • Overview of security testing processes
  • Identifying and rating assets
    • Preparation
    • Identifying assets
    • Identifying the attack surface
    • Assigning security requirements
    • Lab – Identifying and rating assets
  • Threat modeling
    • SDL threat modeling
    • Mapping STRIDE to DFD
    • DFD example
    • Attack trees
    • Attack tree example
    • Lab – Crafting an attack tree
    • Misuse cases
    • Misuse case examples
    • Risk analysis
    • Lab – Risk analysis
  • Security testing approaches
    • Reporting, recommendations, and review

The OWASP Top Ten

• A3 – Sensitive Data Exposure
  • Information exposure
  • Exposure through extracted data and aggregation
  • Case study – Strava data exposure
• A4 – XML External Entities (XXE)
  • DTD and the entities
  • Entity expansion
  • External Entity Attack (XXE)
    • File inclusion with external entities
    • Server-Side Request Forgery with external entities
    • Lab – External entity attack
    • Case study – XXE vulnerability in SAP Store
    • Preventing XXE
    • Lab – Prohibiting DTD expansion
• A5 – Broken Access Control
  • Access control basics
  • Failure to restrict URL access
  • Testing for authorization issues
  • Confused deputy
    • Insecure direct object reference (IDOR)
    • Lab – Insecure Direct Object Reference
    • Authorization bypass through user-controlled keys
    • Case study – Authorization bypass on Facebook
    • Lab – Horizontal authorization
    • Testing for confused deputy weaknesses
  • File upload
    • Unrestricted file upload
    • Good practices
    • Lab – Unrestricted file upload
    • Testing for file upload vulnerabilities
• A6 – Security Misconfiguration
  • Configuration principles
  • Configuration management
  • Java related components – best practices
    • Testing for misconfiguration issues
• A7 – Cross-site Scripting (XSS)
  • Cross-site scripting basics
  • Cross-site scripting types
    • Persistent cross-site scripting
    • Reflected cross-site scripting
    • Client-side (DOM-based) cross-site scripting
    • Lab – Stored XSS
    • Lab – Reflected XSS
    • Case study – XSS in Fortnite accounts
  • XSS protection best practices
    • Protection principles – escaping
    • XSS protection APIs in Java
    • XSS protection in JSP
    • Lab – XSS fix / stored
    • Lab – XSS fix / reflected
    • Additional protection layers
    • Client-side protection principles
    • Testing for XSS

DAY 3

The OWASP Top Ten

• A8 – Insecure Deserialization
  • Serialization and deserialization challenges
  • Deserializing untrusted streams
  • Deserialization best practices
  • Using ReadObject
  • Sealed objects
  • Look ahead deserialization
  • Testing for insecure deserialization
  • Property Oriented Programming (POP)
    • Creating payload
    • POP best practices
    • Lab – Creating a POP payload
    • Lab – Using the POP payload
• A9 – Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
  • Using vulnerable components
  • Untrusted functionality import
  • Importing JavaScript
  • Lab – Importing JavaScript
  • Case study – The British Airways data breach
  • Vulnerability management
    • Patch management
    • Vulnerability databases
    • Lab – Finding vulnerabilities in third-party components
    • DevOps, the build process and CI / CD
    • Dependency checking in Java
    • Lab – Detecting vulnerable components
• A10 – Insufficient Logging & Monitoring
  • Logging and monitoring principles
  • Insufficient logging
  • Plaintext passwords at Facebook
  • Logging best practices
  • OWASP security logging library for Java
• Web application security beyond the Top Ten
  • Client-side security
  • Tabnabbing
  • Lab – Reverse tabnabbing
  • Frame sandboxing
    • Cross-Frame Scripting (XFS) attack
    • Lab – Clickjacking
    • Clickjacking beyond hijacking a click
    • Clickjacking protection best practices
    • Lab – Using CSP to prevent clickjacking

Security testing

• Security testing techniques and tools
  • Code analysis
    • Security aspects of code review
    • Static Application Security Testing (SAST)
    • Lab – Using static analysis tools
  • Dynamic analysis
    • Security testing at runtime
    • Penetration testing
    • Stress testing
    • Dynamic analysis tools
      • Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST)
      • Web vulnerability scanners
      • Lab – Using web vulnerability scanners
      • SQL injection tools
      • Proxy servers
    • Fuzzing

Common software security weaknesses

• Input validation
  • Input validation principles
    • Blacklists and whitelists
    • Data validation techniques
    • Lab – Input validation
    • What to validate – the attack surface
    • Where to validate – defense in depth
    • How to validate – validation vs transformations
    • Output sanitization
    • Encoding challenges
    • Lab – Encoding challenges
    • Validation with regex
  • Unsafe reflection
    • Reflection without validation
    • Lab – Unsafe reflection

Wrap up

• Secure coding principles
  • Principles of robust programming by Matt Bishop
  • Secure design principles of Saltzer and Schröder
• And now what?
  • Software security sources and further reading
  • Java resources
  • Security testing resources